Appendix

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Normal anatomical variants of Appendix:

 

Horseshoe shaped appendix:

inflammed horseshoe appendix     ultrasound image showing horsehoe appendicitis

sonography of horseshoe appendix

The horseshoe anomaly of the appendix is a rare, normal anatomical variant of the appendix. These ultrasound images show the horsehoe shaped inflammed appendix (forming a sort of inverted U -shape). Note the swollen appendix with echogenic content within it s/o appendicitis (diameter > 6mm.). Ultrasound Images taken using a Philips iU 22 ultrasound machine, courtesy of Dr. Ravi Kadasne, MD, UAE.

Reference: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772830 (abstract- free).

 

 

1) Acute appendicitis with appendicolith:

 

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acute inflammation of appendix       swollen appendix

appendix distended with pus      color flow image of appendix

ultrasound image transverse section of appendix     ultrasound image of appendolith

The above ultrasound images are of a young child (10yrs. old) with pain in the right iliac fossa. These images reveal a typical tubular structure with blind end, showing total diameter more than 6mm.(12 x 15 mm.). These sonographic images reveal hypoechoic content (purulent material) distending the appendix with an echogenic focus floating within it. The appendix was also non-compressible. Color flow imaging shows typical hyervascularity around the organ. These ultrasound images are diagnostic of acute appendicitis with appendicolith.( Images taken with a ATL (Philips HDI 3000 color doppler machine, courtesy of Mr. Shlomo Gobi, Israel).

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Reference: 1) http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic41.htm (free article and images).

 

2) Perforated appendix or appendiceal perforation:

 

Sonography of ruptured appendix:

perforated appendix    ultrasound image of rupture of appendix

sonography of appendicular rupture     periappendicular fluid collection is seen

ultrasound image shows perforation of inflamed appendix   

Sonography of the right iliac fossa reveals 1) distended swollen appendix containing hypoechoic (purulent) fluid with 2) anechoic (fluid) collection anterior to the appendix, with 3)echogenic material (possibly phlegmon) within the fluid. 4) There is evidence of rupture of the proximal part of the appendicular wall. These ultrasound images suggest rupture or perforation of the acutely inflamed appendix.

 

These sonographic images were taken with a Toshiba Xario ultrasound machine, courtesy of Dr. Gunjan Puri, Surat, India.

Reference: 1) http://www.medicinenet.com/appendicitis/article.htm (free article and pictures)

2) http://www.aafp.org/afp/20050101/71.html (free article and images).. rated excellent

 

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  This page was last edited on: Thursday December 17, 2009 02:59 PM  

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