Pediatric

A free gallery of high-resolution, ultrasound, color doppler and 3D images
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Pediatric abdomen

Ultrasound images of diseases affecting the child:

 

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Inguinal hernia in neonate containing ovary:

neonatal hernia       ultrasound image of hernia of ovary

This 6 week old female child had a swelling in the right inguinal region. Ultrasound images reveal a hypoechoic elongated mass (the processus vaginalis) with an oval structure showing cystic areas. This suggests a right inguinal hernia containing the right ovary. Such hernias usually do not resolve spontaneously. Images courtesy of Dr. Nirmali Dutta, UAE. Ultrasound machine used is the Philips HDI 5000.

Intraventricular adhesions- in the lateral ventricles:   

lateral ventricle showing adhesions     ultrasound image of the adhesions

sonography of neonatal brain     ultrasound image of lateral ventricles showing adhesions

neonatal lateral ventriculitis

Sonography of the brain in this neonate reveal multiple septae or adhesions within the lateral ventricles. There is no evidence of hydrocephalus or intracranial hematoma. These ultrasound images suggest some form of ventriculitis, causes of which include 1) old intraventricular hemorrhage 2) any form of encephalitis (eg: cytomegalovirus infections). Ultrasound images taken by Dr. Joe Antony, using a Toshiba Xario ultrasound machine.

Pulmonary consolidation with pleural effusion:

ultrasound image of consolidation     ultrasound image of pleural effusion

pleural effusion in child    ultrasound image shows pleural effusion and consolidation

This young child shows an anechoic collection (of fluid) in the left pleural cavity. The left lung (lower lobe) shows echogenicity and texture similar to that of the liver (hepatisation). The spleen is seen below the left hemidiaphragm. These ultrasound images suggest left pulmonary consolidation with left pleural effusion.  Images taken using a Toshiba Xario ultrasound machine, by Dr. Joe Antony, Cochin.

Reference:

http://www.jultrasoundmed.org/cgi/content/full/26/7/985 (an excellent free article with images).

Intracranial hemorrhage:

Germinal matrix hemorrhage (grade1):

neonatal brain sonography      coronal ultrasound section showing intracranial hemorrhage

sagittal section section neonatal brain     ultrasound image showing germinal matrix hemorrhage

These sonographic images of neonatal brain show echogenic material in the caudothalamic groove, the region of the germinal matrix. These ultrasound images suggest grade-1 germinal matrix hemorrhage. The ventricles are of normal size and show no hemorrhage. Images taken by Dr. Joe Antony, using a Toshiba Xario machine.

Germinal matrix hemorrhage- Grade 4:

sonography of neonatal brain    image shows grade 4 germinal matrix hematoma

subependymal cyst    

The above 3 ultrasound images (Toshiba Xario machine) show- grade 4 germinal matrix hemorrhage- subependymal bleed with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and intraparenchymal extension. There is also a small subependymal cyst.

Follow -up scan 1 week later:

partial resolution of the germinal matrix bleed    ultrasound image of intracranial bleed

resolving intracranial hematoma

Follow up ultrasound scan (1 week later) show partial resolution of the hematoma and the IVH.

Complications of intraparenchymal hemorrhage- porencephalic cyst of brain:

 ultrasound image of cystic lesion of the brain     an ultrasound image of porencephlic cyst

sonographic image show porencephalic cyst      sonography of porencephalic cyst in neonate

an example of subependymal cyst   

Sonography of the brain in this neonate shows a cystic lesion in the periventricular region of the cerebral hemisphere. Measuring 10 x 14 mm., it appears thin walled and may have a communication with the lateral ventricle. These ultrasound images are highly suggestive of a porencephalic cyst of the brain. These are formed after resolution of a hematoma originating from the germinal matrix, with parenchymal extension. The lowermost image shows an associated subependymal cyst.

Reference: http://www.ajronline.org/cgi/reprint/138/3/467.pdf (free- excellent article and images).

Another complication of subependymal hemorrhage- subependymal cysts:

ultrasound image of subependymal cyst     ultrasound image shows subependymal cyst with hemorrhage

sagittal section of the cyst

Sonography of the neonatal brain reveals a large subpendymal cyst of 3.5 mm. in the left caudato-thalamic groove. Sagittal section image also shows the true extent of the cyst. Such subpendymal cysts are a known complication of subependymal hemorrhage in neonates. Other causes of such cysts are intracranial infections. These are known to resolve spontaneously. The right side shows evidence of subependymal hemorrhage.

Reference: http://www.ajronline.org/cgi/reprint/162/4/953

Hydrocephalus:

ultrasound image showing hydrocephalus     sonography of hydrocephalus in neonate

In this neonate, there is evidence of considerable enlargement of the lateral ventricles. Measurement at the atria are more than 12 mm. on both sides. These ultrasound images suggest hydrocephalus. Images taken by Joe Antony, MD, using a Toshiba Xario ultrasound machine.

Sacral meningocele in neonate:

sacral meningocele    low tethering of cord is seen

spinal cord is well seen    the sac is visualized

color doppler image of sacral meningocele  

This neonate had a small swelling on the dorsum of the sacral region. Sonography of the swelling revealed:

1) a sac measuring 1.0 x 3.2 cms. posterior to the sacrum, containing clear fluid (CSF), 2) communicating with the spinal canal through a defect (spinal dysraphism), measuring 1.1 cms. 3) low tethering of the spinal cord. These ultrasound images of the neonatal spine are diagnostic of sacrococcygeal meningocele. Note that the sac does not contain neural tissue. Images taken by Dr. Joe Antony, MD, using a Toshiba Xario machine.

Reference: http://bjr.birjournals.org/cgi/content/full/75/892/384 (free article and images) .. excellent

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  This page was last edited on: Wednesday August 13, 2008 04:47 PM  

Copyright ©   2007- All rights reserved- www.ultrasound-images.com Dr. Joe Antony, MD,    265, Girinagar, Cochin- 20, India.

Contact: joe@ultrasound-images.com or drjoea (at) gmail.com